Key Terms
Leadership
A social (interpersonal) influence relationship between two or more persons who depend on each other to attain mutual go
High-quality LMX
Mutual trust, loyalty, support, respect Result: in- group members get higher performance, commitment, and satisfaction
Low-quality LMX
Weaker exchange, less trust Result: out-group members; lower outcomes
Formal leader
Officially recognized by the organization; appointed
Informal leader
Acknowledged by group members, not by the organization
Designated leader
Placed in position by outside forces (military academy, appointment) Emergent leader: rises from group dynamics as membe
Consideration
Relationship-oriented behavior
Initiating structure
Task-oriented leader behavior; scheduling, directing, coordinating, setting standards Leadership: social influence relat
Additional behaviors identified as important
Support, work facilitation, goal emphasis, interaction facilitation
Two axes
Concern for results (production) and concern for people
Core premise
There is no one best leadership style. The situation determines which style is effective.
Three steps
Assess the leader's trait, assess the situation, match the two.
Three situational factors (in order of importance)
1. Leader-member relations: degree of trust, acceptance, and loyalty between leader and group 2.
Situational favorableness
Favorable = good relations, high structure, strong position power
Premise
Effective leaders provide followers with a clear path to a valued goal. Unlike Fiedler, this theory focuses on observabl