Key Terms
HIV prevalence (CDC estimate)
1.2 million adults and adolescents living with HIV in the U.S. HCV prevalence (CDC estimate): 2.4 million individuals li
HIV-infected bodily fluids include
Blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, breastmilk
TRANSMISSION
HIV vs. HCV
Most efficient route
Blood-to-blood contact Primary modes: sharing needles/syringes, needle stick injuries, blood transfusions before 1992, b
Sexual transmission of HCV
Less efficient than HIV; possible but not the primary route
Routes
Contact with infected bodily fluids Fluids involved: blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, breastmilk Sexual tran
PrEP
Medication taken by an HIV-negative individual to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV
Age
55-year-old male Diagnoses: HIV (new), HCV (new), Hypertension (x5 years)
HIV
Most likely acquired through unprotected vaginal and/or anal sex with multiple partners over the five years prior to cur
HCV
Eliminate alcohol completely; alcohol + HCV = accelerated liver damage HIV: Maintain healthy lifestyle; monitor for oppo
Alcohol
RC drinks one beer per day. With active HCV infection, any alcohol use is a concern; counsel on complete avoidance to pr
NSAIDs
RC uses ibuprofen regularly. NSAIDs (including ibuprofen) carry hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity risk; this is an impor
Blood/organ donation
RC cannot donate blood or organs. This must be counseled directly.
Similarities
Both are bloodborne; both can be transmitted sexually; both have perinatal transmission risk