Key Terms
They do three things
Provide energy, build and maintain body tissues/ organs/bones/teeth, and regulate body functions like metabolism and blo
Function
Help the body use other nutrients; promote tissue growth.
Amount needed depends on
Body size, age, activity level, general well- being.
Fiber specifically
Aids digestion, lowers cholesterol, promotes fullness, aids bowel elimination.
Sources
Barley, breads (all kinds), bulgur, cereals, cornbread, cornmeal, couscous, crackers, millet, muesli, oatmeal, rice, pas
Too much fat leads to
High cholesterol, myocardial infarction (heart attack), coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accidents (strokes).
Vitamin A
Keeps skin healthy; supports eye health. Sources: dark green, yellow, and orange vegetables.
Vitamin B
Supports nervous and digestive systems; needed for protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism. Sources: animal products (
Vitamin C
Strengthens blood vessel walls; aids healing of wounds and bones; helps absorb iron. Sources: oranges, strawberries, gra
Vitamin D
Builds strong bones and teeth. Sources: milk, butter, salmon, sardines, tuna, liver, fish liver oils, fortified orange j
Vitamin E
Antioxidant — removes free radicals; promotes immune system health. Sources: wheat germ, fish, fruits, vegetables, cerea
Major minerals (needed in greater amounts)
Calcium, potassium, chloride, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium.
Minor minerals (needed in smaller amounts)
Iron, fluoride, zinc, copper, selenium, chromium, iodine.
Calcium
Bone and teeth strength, blood clotting, muscle contraction, heart health. Sources: milk, cheese, ice cream, yogurt, lea
Potassium
Supports heart function, muscle contraction, nerve conduction. Sources: tomatoes, potatoes, squash, dried apricots, yogu