Key Terms
Citing sources does three things at once
It proves you did the research, it places your ideas in conversation with others, and it protects you from plagiarism ac
Cheating
Copying answers, sharing exam information, turning in someone else's work as your own.
Falsification
Making up data or results; misrepresenting what a study proves; leaving out contradictory results.
Collusion
Working with another student when independent work is assigned. If unsure whether collaboration is allowed, ask the prof
Plagiarism
Presenting another person's ideas as your own, whether intentional or not. Intent does not eliminate the consequence.
Self-plagiarism
Submitting a paper you wrote for a previous class without permission. Always ask before reusing prior work.
Examples that need citations
Specific statistics, research findings, survey data, direct quotes from any source. Examples that don't: basic facts tau
Fair Use
Allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission. Courts weigh four factors equally:
Public Domain
Works no longer under copyright protection; available to anyone for any purpose without permission.
Creative Commons (CC)
Licenses where creators grant specific permissions in advance. Terms vary by license.
Basic format
(Author LastName PageNumber) with no comma between them.
Example
Claypool, R. (2012, October 5).