Key Terms
Six primary functions
PROTECTION, THERMOREGULATION, SENSATION, ABSORPTION, ELIMINATION, VITAMIN D PRODUCTION. Also has psychosocial contributi
When body temperature INCREASES
Blood vessels VASODILATE to increase blood flow. Sweat is secreted and evaporates, cooling the body.
Interventions
Administer fluids, apply cold compresses, remove excessive clothing, move to ventilated area. Call 911 if unresponsive.
Prevention
Recombinant zoster vaccine
Transdermal medications
Scopolamine, estrogen, testosterone, some opioids, nicotine, some contraceptives.
Genetic conditions with skin involvement
Vitiligo (polygenic), acne (15 genetic variants affecting hair follicle shape), melanoma (familial gene clusters), psori
Risk factors
Crowded conditions (schools, shelters, multifamily homes). Hygiene is NOT a factor.
Treatment
Same as other skin cancers PLUS targeted therapy and immunotherapy if spread; vemurafenib (Zelboraf) or binimetinib (Mek
Signs
Raised, swollen, flesh-colored or red bumps or welts; begins rapidly; may include angioedema (swelling of face, lips, th
Patient education
Report all triggers as allergy history; consider medical alert bracelet
Disseminated zoster
Rash affecting THREE OR MORE dermatomes; occurs in immunocompromised patients
Prodromal state
Headache, malaise, chills, photophobia BEFORE rash appears; tingling, itching, or pain at rash site
Diagnosis
Biopsy required
Genital warts
Remove to prevent spread; educate on safe sex; inform partners
Prevention of tinea pedis
Sandals in communal showers; breathable shoes; frequent sock changes; dry feet thoroughly including between toes; antifu